Kepastian Hukum dan Etika Bisnis dalam Perdagangan Kayu Jati Balokan di Jepara

Abstract

This study aims to analyze in depth the trading practices of teak wood logs in Tahunan Village, Tahunan District, Jepara Regency, focusing on the aspects of Islamic economic legal certainty and the implementation of Islamic business ethics. As a vital supply artery for the global furniture industry, the teak trade in this region is characterized by a dual-pricing mechanism dependent on the payment scheme, namely cash and installment. The price disparity in the installment scheme often triggers syubhat (doubt) and anxiety within the community regarding the potential infiltration of riba (usury). This research was designed using a descriptive qualitative approach based on field research. Primary data were gathered through participatory observation and in-depth interviews with business actors (sellers and buyers), which were then triangulated with documents and classic as well as contemporary fiqh muamalah (Islamic transactional law) literature. The results indicate that buying and selling transactions in Tahunan Village are executed through cash schemes (bai' al-hal) and installment schemes (bai' bi al-taqsith). Viewed from the parameter of Islamic legal certainty, the business model of using two prices for one item in this context is deemed valid and entirely free from elements of riba. This is because a final price is agreed upon and firmly locked during the contract assembly (dealing) before the transfer of ownership occurs. The price margin in the installment scheme is a form of rational compensation for the seller's deferred liquidity. From a business ethics perspective, this trading relationship is rooted in social capital (trust). There is no evidence of exploitative regulations such as financial penalties for late installment payments; the sanctions that operate are purely moral in nature and involve the freezing of debt access in the future. The conclusion of this study confirms that the teak wood log trade ecosystem in Tahunan Village has perfectly fulfilled the pillars and conditions of Islamic trade, and represents a harmonization of economic justice, legal certainty, and business ethics based on local wisdom.