Pemahaman Istidraj dalam Al-Qur’an: Analisis Komparatif Tafsir Fath al-Qadir dan Tafsir Asy-Sya’rawi

Abstract

This study explores the concept of istidraj in the Qur'an through a comparative analysis of two classical tafsir works: Tafsir Khawatir by Sheikh Muhammad Mutawalli Asy-Sya’rawi and Fathul Qadir by Imam Asy-Syaukani. The purpose of this study is to examine how both scholars interpret Qur'anic verses related to istidraj, identify their similarities and differences, and analyze the relevance of this concept in the context of modern life. Istidraj refers to the phenomenon in which Allah grants worldly blessings to those who persist in disobedience. Although such blessings may appear favorable, they are in reality a form of trial and a gradual path toward destruction. This research employs a qualitative method using library research. The approaches used include comparative tafsir, contextual historical-sociological interpretation, and the sociology of tafsir approach, particularly drawing on the contextual theory developed by Abdullah Saeed. This framework allows for Qur’anic interpretations to be meaningfully applied to contemporary social and cultural conditions. The results indicate that both Asy-Sya’rawi and Asy-Syaukani interpret istidraj as a form of divine indulgence that ultimately leads to punishment. However, they differ in emphasis: Asy-Sya’rawi adopts a reflective and spiritual approach, while Asy-Syaukani is more analytical and rational. The Qur'anic verses discussed include QS Āli ‘Imrān: 178, QS Al-An‘ām: 44, QS Al-A‘rāf: 182–183, QS An-Naml: 4, and QS Al-‘Ankabūt: 38. The relevance of istidraj in contemporary times can be seen in the prevalence of worldly pleasures unaccompanied by spiritual obedience, underscoring the importance of understanding this concept as a means of self-reflection and awareness.