HARMONI SYARI’AH TERHADAP TEROR KORONA
Kemudahan Beribadah dalam Menghadapi Epidemi Covid-19
Abstract
This article aims to dedicate Indonesian Muslims in implementing it worship in the midst of the outbreak of the Corona virus, the Islamic Shari'ah comes with a harmonious character by offering conveniences as a religion of rahmatan lil 'alamin. The author uses the word "harmony" which means that there is a harmonious/appropriate bonding in the implementation of shar'i worship. Related to this phenomenon, MUI with its authority issued its fatwa (MUI Fatwa No. 14 of 2020) concerning the Implementation of Worship in Situations of the Covid-19. Point 4 of this fatwa states that Friday Shalat are banned and also similar activities that invite people, while of outbreaks of Corona virus out of control (emergency) to give priority on life safety. The Friday shalat was replaced by the shalats in their homes in anticipation of the Corona pandemic (Covid-19). To answer the question above, the writer tries through the fiqhiyah rules to give the solution of that problems.
Protecting damage is a priority rather than doing good deeds ( درء
الدفاسد مقدم على جلب الدصالح ). This rule can be applied to Corona issues as follows: Leave the Friday shalat / Jama'ah (with the aim in breaking pandemic chain of Corona virus) is better than Friday shalat / jama’ah, (replaced shalat in each house). In emergencies such as when the Corona epedemic threatens human lifes, the shari'ah makes it easy to leave the Friday shalat replaced with shalat at home.
References
Al-Bajuri, Ibrahim, Hasyiyah al-Bajuri „Ala Matni al-Sulam, Surabaya: Haramain Jaya, cet-1, Jumadil Ula 1426 H, 2005.
Al-Subhi, Tajudin Abd al-Wahab ibnu „Aliyyi ibnu Abd Kafi, alAsybah wa al-Nazahir, Jilid I, Bairud: Dar al-Kutub „Ilmiyah, 1991.
Al-Raisuni, Ahmad, Nadariyat al-Maqashid „Inda al-Imam Satibi, Bairut: Muassasah al-Jam‟iyah, 1992.
Al-Naisyaburi, Abu Husain Muslim Ibnu Hajaj al-Qusyairi, Sahih Muslim, Bairud: Dar al-Fikr, 1993/1414 H.
Al-Nadwi, Ali Ahmad, al-Qawaid al-Fiqhiyah, Damaskus: Dar al-Qalam, 2000.
Baihaqi A.K, Ilmu Mantik: Teknik Dasar Berpikir Ligik, cet. IV, Jakarta: Darul Ulum Press, 2012.
Hilal, Syamsul, “Qawaid Fiqhiyyah Furu‟iyyah sebagai Sumber Hukum Islam,” dalam Al-„Adalah, Vol. XI, No. 2 Juli 2013, Fakultas Syari‟ah IAIN Raden Intan Lampung.
Hardi, Eja Armaz, “Kaidah al-Masyaqah Tajlibu At-Taisir dalam
Ekonomi Islam,” dalam Nizham, Vol. 06, No. 02 JuliDesember 2018, UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi.
Ibnu Faris, Ahmad, al-Mu‟jam al-Maqayis al-Lughah, Juz I,
Kairo: Dar al-Fikr, t.t.
Ibnu Hanbal, Ahmad, “Musnad Ahmad” dalam al-
Kamil/Ensiklopedi Hadits Digital, 2003.
Iswandi, Andi, “Penerapan Konsep Taysir dalam Sistem Ekonomi Islam,” dalam Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah,
Vol. XIV, No. 2, Juli 2014, Fakultas Syari‟ah, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Khalaf, „Abd al-Wahab, „Ilmu Ushul al-Fiqh. Kairo: Dar alHadis|, 1423 H/ 2003.
Karmawan, “Rekontruksi Epistemologi Islam: Telaah Kritis Kajian Ushul al-Fiqh.” dalam Kordinat: Jurnal Komunikasi Antar Perguruan Tinggi Agama Islam Swasta, No. 1/VIII, April 2007, Kopertais-1 DKI
Jakarta.
Mutakin, Ali, “Teori Maqashid al-Syari‟ah dan Hubungannya dengan Metode Istinbath Hukum,” dalam Kanun: Jurnal
Ilmu Hukum, Vol. 19, No.3, Agustus 2017, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh.
Moh. Toriquddin, “Teori Maqashid Syari‟ah Perspektif alSyatibi,”dalam De Jure: Jurnal Syari‟ah dan Hukum
Islam, Vol. 6, No. 1, Juni 2014, Fakultas Syari‟ah UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.
Munawaroh, Hifdhotul. “Sadd al-Dzari‟at dan Aplikasinya pada Permasalahan Fiqih Kotemporer,” dalam Jurnal Ijtihad, Vol 12, No. 1, Juni 2018.
Muhammad Abduh, Tafsir al-Qur‟an al-Karim (Juz Amma), terjemah Muhammad Bagir, Bandung: Mizan, 1998.
Munawir, Ahmad Warson, Kamus Munawir, Yagyakarta: Pustaka Progresif, 1997.
Nawwir, Yush. “Masqqah dan Rukhshah bagi Orang Sakit,” dalam al-Tafaqquh: Journal of Islamic Law, Vol. I, No. 1, Januari 2020, Fakultas Agama Islam Universitas Muslim Indonesia.
Qal‟ahji, Muhammad Rawas dan Hamid Shadiq Qanibi, Mu‟jam Lugah al-Fuqaha, Bairut: Dar al-Naffas, 1985.
Raysuni, Ahmad Ahmad, Nazariyyah al-Maqasid „Ind al-Imam al-Syatibi, Virginia: al-Ma‟had al‟Alami li al-Fikr alIslami, 1995.
Raysuni, Ahmad Ahmad, Nazariyyah al-Maqasid „Ind al-Imam al-Syatibi, Virginia: al-Ma‟had al‟Alami li al-Fikr alIslami, 1995.
Suyuthi, Jalaluddin Abdurrahman, al-Asybah wa al-Nazahir. Indonesia: Syirkah Nur Asia, t.t.
Syarifuddin, Amir, Ushul Fiqh, Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group, 2011.
Sunarto. “Flaksibelitas Agama dalam Melontar Jumrah,” dalam
Jurnal Hukm Islam al-Tasyree, Edisi 2 Tahun VII, Juli-
Desember 2015, Fakultas Syari‟ah Institut PTIQ Jakarta.
Tahir, Muhammad Suaib, “Pendekatan Makna al-Qital dan Batasan Etikanya dalam al-Qur‟an,” dalam al-Burhan:
Jurnal Kajian Ilmu dan Pengembangan Budaya al-
Qur‟an, Vol. 18 No. 2 tahun 2018, Institut PTIQ Jakarta.
Usman, Muchlis, Kaidah-kaidah Ushuliyah dan Fiqhiyah, Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 1999.
Yahya, Mukhtar dan Fatchurrahman, Dasar-dasar Pembinaan Hukum Fiqh Islam, Bandung: PT. Al-Maarif, 1993.
Yusuf, Helmi, “Legalisasi al-Ra‟yu sebagai Sumber Fikih Islam,” dalam Jurnal Hukm Islam al-Tasyree, Edisi 2 Tahun
VII, Juli-Desember 2015, Fakultas Syari‟ah Institut PTIQ Jakarta.
Zuhaili, Wahbah, Nadhariyah al-daruriyah al-Sya‟riyah, Bairut: Muassalah Risalah, 1982.
Zakariyah, Ahmad bin Faris, Mu‟jam Muqayis al-Lugah, Jilid V, Bairud: Dar al-Jalil, 1991.
Kompas.com (15/3/2020). https://nasional.kompas.com.
Kemenkes (17/3/2020).
