Meninjau Ulang Praktik Pinjaman Wajib Komunitas dalam Perspektif Fiqh al-Wāqi’

(Studi Kasus Perkumpulan RT 02/RW 02 Krajan Gandu Ponorogo)

Abstract

Raising joint cash in a community is a necessity to support joint activities and needs. The method often used in this fundraising is loans with interest. In the RT 02/RW 02 association of Dukuh Krajan Gandu Mlarak Ponorogo, this method is implemented by requiring each member to borrow. With a guaranteed increase in cash value, this method is maintained on the basis of a common good and is based on the pretext that this method is commonly used. Therefore, it is believed that this practice should be carried out with voluntary awareness by the members. This research is a case study on the practice of compulsory loans in the association. This study aims to analyse the implementation of such lending from the perspective of Fiqh al-Wāqi' with the theoretical basis of qarḍ. The research method used is field qualitative. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results show that this practice contradicts the characteristics of qarḍ as a tabarru' contract mainly because it involves elements of usury and compulsion. Although in the name of solidarity, it contains elements of domination and coercion that can actually trigger internal community conflicts. The justification of this practice as a customary 'urf is no longer tenable. The growing Islamic financial literacy in the community requires this practice to shift to a sharia-compliant alternative that can be accepted voluntarily for the sake of community solidarity.